Toads of the genus Alytes from the Rif mountains in Morocco are electrophoretically very similar to Iberian Alytes obstetricans (DieN = 0.07). Genetic distance estimates across the Straits of Gibraltar do not exceed the values found among European samples. The data point to relatively recent colonization or anthropogenic introduction of the Midwife Toad in Africa. The notion of Pasteur & Bons (1962) that Alytes from the Rif mountains might represent a separate species is not corroborated.