The thaliacean fauna of the eastern Mediterranean (U.A.R. sector) includes the Salps Cyclosalpa pinnata polae Sigl, 1912, Thalia democratica (forma typica Forskål, 1775), Thalia orientalis Tokioka, 1937, Salpa fusiformis Cuvier, 1804, and the Doliolids Doliolina muelleri (Krohn, 1852), Doliolina muelleri krohni (Herdman, 1888), Doliolum denticulatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1824, Doliolum nationalis Borgert, 1894, (?) Dolioletta gegenbauri (Uljanin, 1884). The fauna of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Suez includes the Salps (?) Cyclosalpa bakeri Ritter, 1905, (?) Cyclosalpa floridana (Apstein, 1894), Brooksia rostrata (Traustedt, 1893), Ritteriella amboinensis (Apstein, 1894), Iasis zonaria (Pallas, 1774), Salpa cylindrica Cuvier, 1804, and several species (according to van Soest, 1973) of the genus Thalia [Thalia cicar van Soest, 1973; Thalia orientalis Tokioka, 1937, and Thalia rhomboides (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)], and the Doliolids Doliolina sp., Doliolina muelleri krohni (Herdman, 1888), Doliolina indicum (Neumann, 1906), Doliolum denticulatum Quoy & Gaimard, 1824, and Doliolum nationalis Borgert, 1894. This last species is especially abundant in the Gulf of Suez. The two Cyclosalps, Iasis zonaria and Doliolina indicum are newly recorded from the Red Sea. Pyrosoms are lacking in both sectors, maybe owing to an inadequate prospection. The two faunas are very different, having in common only a few species of worldwide occurrence. It seems little probable that exchange of Thaliacea has occurred between the two seas.