Seventeen nearctic species of Nephrotoma are revised. They are assigned to seven species-groups. Together with the 20 species of the dorsalis-group (Tangelder, 1983), this covers all the nearctic Nephrotoma species. Presented here for every species are: literature, type-material, synonyms, description with figures for most genital characters, biology and distribution. For the species-groups, it is indicated to which palaearctic species-groups they belong. For the species, the closely related palaearctic species are mentioned. This information is summarized in fig. 1. The species, with their synonyms and distribution are summarized in table 1. The species subalterna, byersi, and tealei are described for the first time.