Among the unnamed material of Celastraceae received from the Paris Herbarium for determination, there was one flowering specimen of Microtropis, collected by M. Schmid from South Vietnam in 1953. It was difficult to name it to species with certainty. In order to clarify its identity, I received kind help from the Herbaria of Kew and Paris by sending me specimens on loan for comparison. After studying the specimens concerned, I have concluded that the collection of Schmid represents an undescribed species. In the course of studying the new species and annotating the material of Celastraceae received recently by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden, I examined also other specimens of extra-Malesian Microtropis. Together with the description of the new species, the results of the observation on those Microtropis species may follow here.