A taxonomic revision of all genera belonging to Gentianaceae–Canscorinae, i.e., Canscora, Cracosna, Duplipetala, Hoppea, Microrphium, Phyllocyclus and Schinziella is presented, including keys to the taxa, distribution maps and seed coat descriptions. One new genus, one new species and seven new combinations are described. In total seven genera and 23 species are recognized. All taxa are of palaeotropical distribution with centres in India and SE Asia.