Two new combinations in Asian Adenia (Passifloraceae)

In the course of the revision of the Asian species of the genus Adenia Forsk. (tropical and subtropical Africa, tropical S.E. Asia, Malay Archipelago, N. Australia) it appeared that two valid old epithets have been overlooked which should have priority. Consequently the fairly well established names of two Adenias, Adenia palmata (Lamk.) Engler and Adenia nicobarica (Kurz) King have to be changed into the following names, with which the synonomy and short annotations are given: Adenia hondala (Gaertner) de Wilde, comb. nov. — Granadilla hondala Gaertner, De Fruct. II (1791) 480, t. 180 f. 10. — Passiflora itondala Steudel, Nom. ed. I (1821) 595, nom. illeg., errore. — Passiflora hondala Steudel, Nom. ed. 2, 2 (1841) 275. — Lectotype: Herman s.n. (L, apparently lost), Ceylon. Bryonia palmata Linné, Sp. Pl. 1 (1753) 1012; ibid. 2 (1763) 1438. — [‘Hondala Allahonda, Clematis indica ..., Bryonia Zeylanica folio quinquepartito ....’ etc., Herman, Mus. Zeyl. (1717) 25, 41, 62. — ‘Bryonia Zeylanica folio quinquepartito ....’ etc., Burman, Thes. Zeyl. (1737) 49. —‘ Bryonia foliis palmatis ....’ etc., Linné, Fl. Zeyl. (1748) 167.] — Lectotype : Herman s.n. (BMP), Ceylon (not seen). Convolvulus paniculatus ; (non L.) var. ß Burman ƒ., Fl. Ind. (1768) 45, p.p. — Convolvulus paniculatus (inon L.) var. β Modecca Persoon, Syst. Veg. ed. 15 (1797) 209. — Modecca tuberosa Roxb., Hort. Beng. (1814) 49; Fl. Ind. (1832) 134. — [‘Modecca’ Rheede, Hort. Mai. 8 (1688) 39, t. 20. — ‘Passiflora spuria bryonoides quinquefido folio Malabarensi’ Plukenet, Almag. (1720) 283. — ‘Modecca fructu majore .... etc. Linné, Fl. Zeyl. (1748) 230 p.p.]. — Type: Rheede’s description and figure. [‘Palmodecca’ Rheede, Hort. Mal. 8 (1688) 41, t. 21. — ‘Passiflora spuria bryonoides Malabarensis folio trifido et quinquefido’ Plukenet, Almag. (1720) 283. — Type: Rheede’s description and figure.]. [‘Motta-Modecca’ Rheede, Hort. Mal. 8 (1688) 43, t. 22. — ‘ ‘Passiflora spuria bryonoides Malabarensis, foliis variis scissis, fructo diverso’ Plukenet, Almag. (1720) 283. — Type: Rheede’s description and figure.]. Modecca palmata Lamk., Encycl. Meth. IV (1797) 209. — Adenia palmata (Lamk.) Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 14 (1892) 375. — Syntypes: Rheede’s descriptions and t. 20, 21, and 22. Modecca integrifolia Lamk., Encycl. Meth. IV (1797) 209. — Modecca palmata Lamk. var. integrifolia (Lamk.) Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. II, 1 (1855) 703. — [‘Orela-Modecca’ Rheede, Hort. Mai. 8 (1688) 45, t. 23.]. — Type: Rheede’s description and figure. From the above it is obvious that the oldest epithet, namely that of Bryonia palmata L. (1753) cannot be conveyed to Adenia on account of the heterotypic synonym Adenia palmata (Lamk.) Engler. Bryonia palmata L. is ultimately based on the descriptions of Herman (1717) and Burman (1737). Herman’s plant is to be expected in the Herman Herbarium in the British Museum, but according to Trimen (1888, 1894¹)) the specimen in Herman’s herbarium representing Bryonia palmata L. is no Adenia. As far as could be traced through the care of Prof. Miège, the only specimen in the Geneva herbarium existent of the present species in the Burman Herbarium is annotated: ‘J. Burmann, no 179, Ceylam 1773’ and therefore cannot have served as type. There is certainly no Adenia among the photographs of Bryonia in the Linnean Herbarium. Gaertner’s protologue comprises besides the description, a figure, and the citation of the seeds in the Ley den herbarium (not seen by me), the reference to Herman’s Musaeum Zeylanicum (1717) p. 41. As long as cannot be proved that the seeds which served for Gaertner’s description of Granadilla hondala are taken from the same specimen that was used by Linnaeus for the description of Bryonia palmata, Gaertner’s name is legitimate (compare art. 63 of the Code) and should be used. Adenia penangiana (Wall, ex G. Don) de Wilde, comb. nov. — Passiflora penangiana Wall. Cat. 1233, nom. nud.; G. Don, Gen. Syst. Gard. Bot. III (1834) 55. — Anthactinia penangiana (Wall.) Roemer, Syn. Mon. II Pepon. (1846) 192. — Disemma penangiana (Wall.) Miq. Fl. Ind. Bot. 1, 1 (1855) 700. — Type: Wallich, Cat. 1233 (K), Penang. Modecca nicobarica Kurz, in Trimen, J. Bot. 13 (1875) 326. — Adenia nicobarica (Kurz) King, J. As. Soc. Beng. 71, 2 (1903) 52. — Type: Kurz s.n. (K?), Katchall, Nicobar Isl. (not seen). Adenia parvifolia Pierre ex Gagnepain, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 25 (1919) 127. — Type: Pierre 4498 (P, iso- seen from E), Thailand. Adenia angustisepala Craib, Kew Bull. (1930) 406. — Type: Kerr 12812 (K), (not seen). Adenia linearis Craib, Kew Bull. (1930) 407. — Type: Kerr 13725 (K), (not seen). Adenia nicobarica (Kurz) King var. obliqua Craib, Fl. Siam. En. 1 (1931) 747. — Type: Kerr 15242 (K?), (not seen). Adenia parvifolia Pierre ex Gagnepain var. insularis Craib, Fl. Siam. En. 1 (1931) 748. — Type: Kerr 12950 (K), (not seen). Adenia parvifolia Pierre ex Gagnepain var. nervosa Craib, Fl. Siam. En. 1 (1931) 748. — Type: Kerr 14384 (K), (not seen). Adenia catharinae Merrill, Contrib. Am. Arb. 8 (1934) IIo, t. 7. — Type: W.N. & C. M. Bangham 729 (A), Sumatra. Passiflora penangiana Wall., was validated by G. Don in 1834. Don’s description is fairly brief, but there is no doubt that the type-specimen ( Wallich no 1233, from Penang, in K), belongs to the present species which is generally known as Adenia nicobarica. Recently Dr. M. Jacobs examined on my request the type, containing several leaves with the typical peltate blade-base bearing a single gland. Passiflora penangiana Wall, was already placed in the synonomy of Modecca nicobarica Kurz by M. T. Masters in Hook ƒ., Fl. Br. Ind. 2 (1879) 603, who stated that Wallich’s specimen evidently belongs to that species.