The authors conclude that the separation of the form-genus Peyronellaea Goid. ex Togliani from Phoma Sacc. is both undesirable and unpracticable. A comparative study of the data in the literature, of original cultures, and of herbarium material of the fungi ascribed to Peyronellaea, leads to the distinction of three species: Phoma glomerata (Cda.) Wr. & Hochapf., Phoma prunicola (Opiz) Wr. & Hochapf., and Phoma musae (Joly) comb. nov. The synonymy and characteristics of these species are discussed and a key is given.