A new genus of soil-borne Moniliales, Tolypocladium, is described with three new species. It is characterized by slow-growing raised floccose whitish colonies, conidiophores arising terminally and laterally from aerial hyphae, consisting of verticillate phialides, sometimes supported by short lateral cells; phialides consist of a swollen base and a narrowly tapering, frequently bent neck; conidia small, 1-celled, in slimy heads. In the discussion genera of Moniliales with swollen phialides and 1-celled conidia in slimy heads are reviewed and compared with Tolypocladium.