A new species of Talaromyces C. R. Benjamin, T. assiutensis, is described and illustrated. It was isolated from Egyptian soil amended with crushed buffalo hooves and incubated for five months at 35°C. T. assiutensis is characterized by white to pale yellow ascomata, small, smooth-walled to finely roughened ascospores and short biverticillate conidiophores. The taxa of Talaromyces published after 1972 are briefly discussed.