The fourth issue of this loose-leaf colour atlas of ectomycorrhizae comprises an extended key to the 83 species of mycorrhizae treated thus far. An extra key is provided for the identification of boreal and temperate European forest trees by the anatomy of their roots. This key is elucidated by 16 pages of good half-tone photographs. In this issue 16 ectomycorrhizae are described and amply and nicely illustrated in colour and black-and-white photographs. In the end in this atlas a total of 200-300 plates are envisaged.