The macroscopic characters of the pileus, veil, and stipe of members of Conocybe subgenus and section Pholiotina are related to the microscopic structure and development of the fruit-body. Differences between various authors’ descriptions are explained by results from observations made in the field and in the laboratory. The colour of the pileus and the position of the veil is shown to be more variable in these same fungi than at first supposed. The development of the fruit-body in subgenus Pholiotina is compared with subgenus Conocybe.