A description is given of the remarkable species Pholiota (Flammula) gymnopodia, which was found in 1939. It was identified by Mr. A.C.S. Schweers; since then, this species has not been recorded from the Netherlands nor from any other country in Europe. It is mentioned in most taxonomic works of the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, but it is completely absent from the more recent literature. The new combination Pholiota gymnopodia is proposed.