Newly discovered mycorrhizal relationships of boletes with Sapotaceae and Nyctaginaceae in the Neotropics are discussed. The eight neotropical species of Phylloporus are keyed out and three described. Fistulinella Henn. is transferred to the Strobilomycetaceae. Phylloporus manausensis Sing. and P. sect. Manausenses Sing., P. leucomycelinus Sing., Xerocomus amazonicus Sing., X. radicicola Sing. & Araujo, Tylopilus arenarius Sing., T. potamogeton Sing., T. sect. Potamogetones Sing. sect. nov., Fistulinella campinaranae Sing. and Porphyrellus rionegrensis Sing. & Araujo. are new taxa.