A study of Gynochthodes from Sumatra is presented. Eight species can be recognized, i.e., G. coriacea, G. jackiana, G. lanuginosa, G. leparensis, G. rigida, G. sublanceolata, G. suratmanii, and G. umbellata. An identification key to the species is provided and detailed descriptions, synonymy, taxonomic notes, and an index to specimen collections of the taxa are given. Natural history notes, including distribution and ecology, vernacular names and uses are also included.